Những Điều Cơ Bản · 15 min

Colors & Shapes

Learn French colors and shapes, and understand how adjectives agree in gender and number.

Colors & Shapes in French

Learning colors is one of the most enjoyable parts of French! But there is an important grammar rule to know: adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they describe.

The Main Colors (Les Couleurs)

EnglishMasculineFeminineExample
Redrougerougeun livre rouge / une voiture rouge
Bluebleubleueun ciel bleu / une robe bleue
Greenvertverteun arbre vert / une feuille verte
Yellowjaunejauneun soleil jaune / une fleur jaune
Whiteblancblancheun mur blanc / une maison blanche
Blacknoirnoireun chat noir / une nuit noire
Greygrisgriseun ciel gris / une veste grise
Pinkroseroseinvariable (never changes)
Orangeorangeorangeinvariable (never changes)
Purplevioletvioletteun stylo violet / une fleur violette
Brownmarronmarroninvariable (never changes)

Plural Form of Colors

Add -s in the plural (not pronounced, but written):

  • des livres rouges (red books)
  • des robes bleues (blue dresses)

Exception: colors that are invariable (orange, rose, marron) never take -s.

🇻🇳 Note for Vietnamese speakers: In Vietnamese, adjectives never change form — màu đỏ is always màu đỏ. In French, the same word rouge stays the same by coincidence, but blanc becomes blanche in the feminine. This agreement system takes practice!

Using Colors in Sentences

Colors go after the noun in French (opposite to English):

  • a red car → une voiture rouge (literally: a car red)
  • blue eyes → des yeux bleus
  • a white house → une maison blanche

Geometric Shapes (Les Formes)

EnglishFrenchGender
Circleun cerclemasculine
Squareun carrémasculine
Triangleun trianglemasculine
Rectangleun rectanglemasculine
Starune étoilefeminine
Heartun cœurmasculine

Quick Quiz

How do you say these in French?

  1. A black cat → un chat ___
  2. A green dress → une robe ___
  3. Blue shoes → des chaussures ___

Answers: noir / verte / bleues